Chapter 22 bryophytes university of california, davis. Introduction to bryophytes pdf format download online e. The plant body can be divided into a true root, stem, and leaves. Difference between gymnosperms and pteridophytes plants. What are the differences between bryophytes and pteridophytes. Mosses or bryophytes are simplest plants having no true roots, rhizoids for anchorage and grow in the damp terrestrial land. Anthocerophyta, hepatophyta and bryophyta and explain the difference and similarities between the different divisions.
Key difference protonema vs prothallus bryophytes and pteridophytes are respectively nonvascular and vascular plants. The upcoming discussion will update you about the differences between bryophytes and pteridophytes. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Bryophytes are known as the amphibians of plant kingdom since water is essential for the completion of their life cycle. Mar 08, 2016 the pteridophytes are found in cool, damp, shady places though some may flourish well in sandysoil conditions. In each cycle, a haploid gametophyte, each of whose cells contains a fixed number of unpaired chromosomes, alternates with a diploid sporophyte, whose cell contain two sets of paired chromosomes. Bryophytes were a pivotal step in land plant evolution, and their significance in the regulation of ecosystems and the conservation of biodiversity is becoming increasingly acknowledged. Cryptogams included the primitive plants such as thallophytes, bryophytes, and pteridophytes while phanerogams included gymnosperms and angiosperms. What is the difference between bryophytes and algae answers. Algae belong to phylum chlorophyta, phaeophyta, rhodophyta or bacillariophyta of kingdom protoctista, whereas mosses belong to class musci of phylum bryophyta of. Bryophytes and pteridophytes field museum bryologists have broad research interests that include systematics, biogeography, conservation, and education outreach. Bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms plant organization the amazing plant race phylum porifera phylum cnidaria phylum platyhelminthes phylum nematoda phylum annelida phylum mollusca phylum arthropoda phylum echinodermata phylum chordata conclusion.
Pteridophytes pteridophytes understand the adaptations that. Depending on the type of pigment possesed and the type of stored food, algae are classfied into three classes, namely chlorophyceae, phaeophyceae and. The kingdom plantae was divided into two sub kingdoms depending on whether they can form seeds or not. In bryophytes, sporophyte and gametophyte are connected with each other physically. Some of the species belonging to this division have small leaves called as the microphylls. What is the difference between pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes bryophytes. In pteridophytes, roots are usually adventitious in nature. A division of the plant kingdom, comprising the vascular cryptogams.
The pteridophytes are found in cool, damp, shady places though some may flourish well in sandysoil conditions. Multiple choice questions on bryophytes mcq biology. They play an important role in plant succession on bare rockssoil. Their lifecycle is dominated by a gametophyte generation which provides support and. The term bryophyta is used as a collective name to represent a group of plants that includes the mosses musci, hornworts and liverworts hepaticae. Pteridophytes are vascular plants that reproduce via spores. Lacking this specialized system distinguishes bryophytes from pteridophytes. May 26, 2017 a read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
They are characteristically limited in size and prefer moist habitats although they can survive in drier environments. They usually occur in damp, humid and shaded localities. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes with. Spermatophyte vs pteridophyte whats the difference.
Bryophytes and pteridophytes are plants that are classified under kingdom of plantae. Most of bryophytes are found in damp environments and lack specialized waterconducting tissues. While the dominant generation in mosses is the gametophyte, ferns. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as cryptogams, meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden.
As nouns the difference between spermatophyte and pteridophyte is that spermatophyte is botany any plant that bears seeds rather than spores while pteridophyte is any plant of the division pteridophyta, of simple vascular plants that reproduce via spores rather than seeds and that alternate generations of diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte or prothallus. Ferns, horsetails often treated as ferns, and lycophytes clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts are all pteridophytes. The sporophytes of bryophytes are unbranched, producing a. Bryophytes is a collective name used for three plant divisions. Bryophytes have no true roots while pteridophyte have true roots. Even today, many tribal communities and rural populations are dependent heavily upon the natural resources obtained from the surrounding forest regions for treatment of various ailments and diseases. Primary cell wall composition of pteridophytes and. The peat moss genus sphagnum is an economically important bryophyte. Pteridophytes pteridophytes is a general term for the vascular, free. Pteridophytes have true xylem and phloemvascularity due to the innovation of lignin which is not present in mosses. The bryophytes consist of about 20,000 plant species.
In addition to being nonvascular, bryophytes have a set of common features that help to distinguish them from all other land plants. Bryophytes are embryophytes that do not possess a true vascular tissue. Let us explore some of the major difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes. Although bryophytes and pterophytes are both plant divisions with a common ancestor, they have little in common.
In bryophytes, the gametophyte is dominating whereas saprophytes are dominating in pteridophytes. Ferns, spikemosses, quillworts are a few pteridophytes. They dont have conducting tissues for transportation of water and minerals. Bryophyte and pteropyte life cycles 834 words 123 help me. Also, one more difference between bryophytes and ferns is that ferns have sori while bryophytes do not have it. The points of difference are very important for theory as well as for practical exams. Pteridophytes may represent the closest living relatives sister group to the seed plants. The evolution of the species under the plant kingdom is based on their adaptability to terrestrial. Thallophyta and bryophyta do not consist of a true. Describe the general characteristics of bryophytes in terms of distribution, structure and life cycle.
Bryophytes plants without well developed vascular systems. Main difference bryophytes vs pteridophytes bryophytes and pteridophytes are plants that are classified under kingdom of plantae. However, in pteridophytes, the main plant body is a sporophyte which is differentiated into true root, stem and leaves. They are flowerless plants exhibiting alternation of two distinct and dissimilar generations, the first is a non sexual, spore bearing sporophytic generation. Bryophytes are an informal group consisting of three divisions of nonvascular land plants embryophytes. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes comparison chart. The kingdom plantae is one of the most widespread kingdoms with over 300,000 different species. Pteridophytes are seedless and they procreate through spores. Plants with seeds gymnosperms and angiosperms pmf ias. Bryophytes are embryophytes that are nonvascular i. Bryophytes have no true roots while pteridophyte have. Gametophytes produce haploid sperm and eggs which fuse to form diploid. In pteridophyta, the plant body is differentiated into roots, stem and leaves and contains specialised tissue for the conduction of water and other material from one part of the plant body to the another. The term bryophyta is used as a collective name to represent a group of plants that includes the mosses musci, hornworts and liverworts hepaticae growing predominantly in amphibious environment.
As these plants do not produce either flowers or seeds, they are called as cryptograms. Bryophytes are also called amphibians of the plant kingdom because these plants can live in soil but are dependent on water for sexual reproduction. The main difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes is that the plant body of. The innhabitants of dry land are selaginella rupestris, selaginella lepidophylla, equisetum arvens etc. A pteridophyte is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that disperses spores. Existing bryophytes preserve a suite of ancestral characteristics. Bryophytes also have no roots and pteridophytes do.
Bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms pages. In pteridophytes, sporophyte and gametophyte are separated from each other. The dominant phase in pteridophyte is the sporophyte. Therefore, it is another difference between bryophytes and ferns. Bryophyte vs pteridophyte difference and comparison diffen. Bryophytes bryophytes are a group of plant species that reproduce via spores rather than flowers or seeds. This post describes the similarities and major difference between algae and bryophytes. Bryophytes vs pteridophytes similarities and difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes bryophytes are most primitive land plants predominantly grow in moist and shaded places. Jun 16, 2019 in bryophytes, antheridium is stacked while in pteridophytes, it is sessile. Examples include mosses, liverworts, hornworts of bryophytes while spikemosses, clubmosses, ferns, quillworts are examples of pteridophytes. Difference between thallophyta bryophyta and pteridophyta. This belief is strongly supported by the similarities of many characters in algae and bryophytes. May 26, 2017 main difference bryophytes vs pteridophytes.
Plants are eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic organisms that are capable of photosynthesizing. You may recall that in bryophytes the dominant phase in the life cycle is the gametophytic plant body. Bryophytes are small, undifferentiated, nonvascular plants. Marchantiophyta liverworts, bryophyta mosses and anthocerotophyta hornworts.
Modern bryophytes almost certainly evolv ed from a single common ancestor, and they likely represent several lineages along the evolutionary path to vascular plants. Difference bryophytes and pteridophytes easybiologyclass. In pteridophytes, the neck of archegonium is with 4 neck canal cells. The harvesting, processing, and sale of sphagnum peat is a multimilliondollar industry. The sporophyte is transient and depends on the gametophyte. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes comparison table. The main difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes is that the plant body of bryophytes is not differentiated into root, stem, and leaves whereas the plant body of pteridophytes is. Mar 25, 2012 however, bryophytes do not show circinate vernation. Marsilea, ferns ad horsetails are some examples of pteridophytes. On the contrary, pteridophytes are vascular plants with xylem and phloem. Pdf difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes. Bryophytes do not have a vascular system and are unable to pull water and nutrients up from the ground. Like all land plants embryophytes, bryophytes have life cycles with alternation of generations. Their plant body is differentiated into stem, leaves, and roots.
Bryophytes are nonvascular plants, without xylem and phloem. Many bryophytes usually have the following characteristics. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes read biology. However, the pteridophytes differ from mosses and seed plants in that both generations are independent and freeliving. Oct 10, 2017 key difference bryophytes vs pteridophytes vs gymnosperms. Some of the most important difference between thallophytes and bryophytes are as follows. Tree ferns have long aerial stems but these are pteridophytes. Gametophytic phase is dominant in the life cycle of bryophytes while contrary to this sporophytic phase is dominant in the life cycle of pteridophytes. The dominant phase in bryophyte is gametophyte while the dominant phase in pteridophyte is sporophyte. Some pteridophytes are aquatic and some are epiphytes.
Difference between algae and bryophytes major differences. Most pteridophytes are terrestrial and grow in moist and shady places while some flourish well in open, dry places especially in xeric conditions. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes major differences. Bryophytes and pteridophytes biology class 11 neet. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes with similarities. Difference between thallophytes and bryophytes 388 words. The sexuality of pteridophytic gametophytes can be classified as follows. Neck canal cells and venter canal cells are present in the. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes researchgate. As in seed plants, the greatest diversity of pteridophytes is found in the tropics, with only about six hundred species adapted for life in temperate climates. The main difference between thallophyta bryophyta and pteridophyta is that the plant body of thallophyta is a thallus while the plant body of bryophyta shows stemlike, rootlike, and leaflike structures and the plant body of pteridophyta is differentiated into true stem, root, and leaves.
Pteridophytes understand the adaptations that distinguish pteridophytes from the bryophytes and relate the features to the relative success of this group describe the features characteristics of the group construct a life cycle for the pteridophytes indicationg unique characteristics of this group describe the anatomy of the sporophyte and the gametophyte describe the terms sori and indusium. May 26, 2017 bryophytes are homosporous, whereas pteridophytes can be homosporous or heterosporous. Nishtha gupta iisc,bangalore explained bryophytes and pteridophytes as expected for neet aipmt and other medical exams. Algae fungi lichen plant pathology bryophytes pteridophytes gymnosperms systematics plant anatomy horticulture plant breeding. While bryophytes mosses are generally nonvascular and very short in height, pterophytes ferns are vascular plants that usually grow much taller than mosses. The two sub kingdoms were cryptogams and phanerogams. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes definition. Seed plants include the angiosperms, the conifers, and a smaller assortment of other plants. Below infographic on the difference between bryophytes and ferns shows more detailed comparison. These are used for medicinal purposes and as soilbinders.
All about biology hello everyone this video is about difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes. Although some bryophytes also have conductive tissue such as hydroids and leptoids, these are not lignified and evolved indepen. Bryophytes are generally small less than 5 cm but some can grow up to a length of 70 cm e. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes major. Peat is used in horticulture, as an energy source fuel, and, to a limited extent, in the extraction of organic products, in whiskey production, and as insulation. Features distinguishing bryophytes from green algae and other plants a primitive trait common to the algae and ferns but different from other land plants, since the plants are nonvascular they must rely on diffusion and osmosis to supply their metabolic needs. Some of the characters of pteridophytes are as follows. Bryophytes play an important role in an ecosystem by providing water and nutrients to other plant living alongside bryophytes.
Compare and contrast the properties of bryophytes from other plants. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes youtube. Bryophyte diversity hornworts 100 species liverworts 6,500 species mosses 12,000 species. Similar to the life cycle of seed plants, the pteridophytes also involves the alternation of generations in its life cycle.
Sporophyte diploid generation is attached to and dependent on the gametophyte for the entire life cycle. In pteridophytes, ambium is absent, in pteridophytes and the primary growth is seen in most of the pteridophytes. In bryophytes, the neck of archegonium is with 5 to 6 neck canal cells. Plant kingdom thallophytes algae bryophytes pteridophytes. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes plant. What are the similarities and dissimilarities between. Vascular plants contain xylem and phloem for the transportation of. Bryophytes are nonvascular plants while pteridophytes are vascular plants i. Key difference bryophytes vs pteridophytes vs gymnosperms.
Bryophytes are embryophytes that do not have vascular tissues. Bryophytes are land plants that differ from all other plants lacking lignified vascular tissue by having the gametophyte generation dominant and having unbranched sporophytes that produce a single sporangium. Recent fossil discoveries push back the earliest appearance of bryophytes to 475 million years ago. The plant body of bryophytes is more differentiated than that of algae. Difference between bryophytes and ferns compare the. Mosses, hornworts and liverworts all reproduce using spores rather than seeds and dont produce wood, fruit or flowers. In bryophytes, antheridium is stacked while in pteridophytes, it is sessile. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes plant kingdom. The key difference between bryophytes and ferns is that the bryophytes are nonvascular plants having a dominant gametophyte generation while the ferns are vascular plants having a dominant sporophyte generation through the evolutionary process, earth colonized with vascular plants and nonvascular plants which are called primitive land plants. Difference between bryophytes pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Pdf file of the hand out provided see file memoryppt. Instead, the water and minerals flow from the surface of the plant cell to cell in the plants body.
The dominant phase is the sporophyte, as they produce spores. Read the introductory remarks and list of characteristics of the bryophytes p. Bryophyte importance to humans and ecology britannica. Bryophyte bryophyte importance to humans and ecology.
Pteridophyta characteristics, life cycle, classification. There is no or ill defined tissue differentiation 4. Algae thallophytes are chlorophyllbearing simple, thalloid, autotrophic and largely aquatic organisms. Mosses mosses 12,000 species widely distributed, especially in alpine, boreal, temperate and tropical forests. Pteridophytes are vascular plants that reproduce and disperse via spores. Plant kingdom includes algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. The dominant phase is the gametophyte, as they produce gametes. The sporophyte is the conspicuous and familiar plant body. Pteridophytes are mostly terrestrial sometimes growing in the moist and shady regions. Most of the evolutionary biologists believe that bryophytes were originated from algae.
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